Sri lanka is one of the major agricultural country in South Asian region. The major income of Sri Lanka is Agriculture. 20% of the population in Sri lanka is agriculture. Most of them involve in rice cultivation because the main food that Sri Lankan have is rice. 64% of paddy cultivation is done in Maha season and 35%of cultivation is done in Yala season.. The agricultural function of Sri Lanka is Divided in to two categories.
01 Agricultural process for domestic uses.
02 Agricultural process for Exports.
Paddy cultivation
Most of the farmers in Sri lanka involve in paddy cultivation They do cultivation in two seasons according to the rainfall they receive. the seasons are divided in to two seasons as Yala And Maha. Sri Lanka is a climatic hot climatic condition so the annual rainfall is receive in two seasons. farmers get ready their fields for cultivation as the rainfall season comes. Most popular part of Sri lanka for paddy cultivation is Anuradapura, because of the vast area of flat land that can does harvesting easily. In ancient times sri lankan kings have build huge lakes to store water for cultivation in dry season. So Anuradapura has been known as the Kingdom of Reservoirs. Still most of these land cultivated through these tanks that carries water to the fields through canals. The Mahavali irrigation project which was designed in 1964-1968 is the the most advantageous irrigation project to Sri Lankan agricultural history because vast area of Sri lanka is supplied by water for cultivation.
Vegetable Cultivation
Most of the area that involve in vegetables is the Central Highlands and Jafna. Due to the cold climate in central highlands paddy cultivation is in involve in least amount. So the major cultivation in central hills and Jafna is vegetables. these vegetables are transported to every part of Sri Lanka for domestic consumption.
Tea Plantation
Tea is one of the exporting commodity in Sri Lanka. Most of the tea plantation is in Central hill country because hill country has cold and dry season that is most suitable for tea. Central hill country receive rainfall once a year. Sri Lanka is famous for the best tea in the world. Sri Lanka export tea to many European countries and also for USA. People who involve in tea cultivation is mostly the rural Tamil people. We can see how hard they work to make a cup of tea for our tea time.
Rubber Plantation
One of the major export of Sri Lanka is rubber. Most of the rubber cultivations can be seen in east of Western Province,areas as Horana district, Ratnapura district, and Gampaha districts. The major reason for successful rubber plantation in these areas is that there is rainfall in every part of the year.
Coconut plantation
According to the export commodity rating coconut is the third exporting product in Sri Lanka. We can see coconut plantions in Kurunagala District. Coconut is a product that can be used for many purposes. It is used as a food, and used to take oil for cooking, coconut husks for many decorations,coconut trees for making many industrial purposes. Sri Lanka had earned 28.2 billion rupees from coconut based products in 2011.
Other Plantations
Cinnamon is also an exporting product in Sri Lanka.It can be planted in any climatic regions in Sri Lanka . the other product is Pepper an exporting product in Sri Lanka.
